
March 6, 2026
5
Min reading

Switch on the light at home, start the production line... We are used to seeing our energy needs met in all daily actions. However, behind the well-oiled functioning of our electricity-hungry society, lies a financial system that regulates the electricity tariff, the wholesale electricity market.
The sale and purchase of electricity from the European continent take place on a wholesale market. This refers to the market where energy is traded before being delivered to end customers (individuals or businesses) via the distribution network.
The purchase or sale of electricity can take place on the same day or the next day (the markets at” blip ”), but also in a few months, even a few years (futures products, or” Forward ”).
It includes the main players in the energy world:
For the purchase of electricity, there are two types of futures products on the wholesale market, Baseload And the Peakload. They give a certain flexibility to suppliers and therefore facilitate the provision of a customer portfolio with diverse consumption profiles.
The electricity exchange, in the same way as the wheat or gold exchange, defines the price of electricity, that is to say the price at which it can be bought or sold in bulk. The standard products treated are baseload (base product) and peakload (advanced product).
To fully understand the issue of group energy purchases, it is important to briefly recall the elements that make up the price of supply contracts on the free market.
To establish a price per electron, the supplier purchases two products on the wholesale electricity market: baseload (constant power throughout the period) and peakload (power from Monday to Friday, from 8 am to 8 pm).
The baseload product is a future product (eventually), used as a reference for electricity contracts by suppliers. He represents the average of the anticipated spot prices for the year N+1, N+2, N+3.
Unlike the spot product (much more volatile and very short-term), it allows secure a significant volume of its consumption thanks to the purchase of a basic “block” if we consider that it will be representative of the average spot price for the years to come.
There is a wide range of products baseload that are tradable on the markets for the purchase of a monthly (month), quarterly (quarter), annual (calendar) block. The rest of the volume can then be traded on spot to further optimize its price and limit its exposure to wholesale market volatility. This type of product (a constant and fixed demand) is very suitable for nuclear production, which is constant and flexible.
Baseload does not correspond to all consumption profiles, because it corresponds to a block of power that is constantly called upon, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, over a given period of time. Some businesses consume in a disjointed manner and do not have enough visibility to buy a baseload block to cover all their consumption. To remedy this disadvantage, they can consume at the spot or turn to peakload.
Peakload is also a Product term. As its name says, it operates on a time slot; it corresponds to a demand block, from 8 am to 8 pm inclusive and from Monday to Friday inclusive, over a given period of time.
To summarize, if a consumer has peaks in consumption during the day, their electricity price will be closer to the peakload product. On the other hand, if its consumption remains stable and predictable at all times, its price will be close to the baseload product.
The peakload and baseload prices are used to define the prices during full hours and Off-peak hours of your contract. These products are easily traded on the market.
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Your SirEnergies space allows you to view market price curves that are updated daily. There are various products:
The price of electricity is subject to several factors that can Influencing its evolution on the market. Understanding these factors is essential to anticipate fluctuations in electricity prices. Here are some of the main factors that have an impact on electricity prices:
The increase in CO2 price leads to an increase in the production costs of fossil fuel thermal power plants, which can affect the final price of electricity.
Natural gas is used in many power plants to generate electricity. Fluctuations in gas prices on international markets can have a direct impact on the cost of producing electricity.
So when the price of gas increases, it can lead to an increase in the price of electricity.
Nuclear power plants produce a significant amount of electricity at a relatively stable cost. When they are fully operational, this helps to keep electricity prices lower.
However, in case of unavailability of some nuclear power plants (as we could see in France in the winter of 2022—23) because of maintenance or other reasons, this may lead to an increase in the price of electricity.
Extreme temperatures, whether hot or cold, can increase electricity consumption for heating, airconditioning and other weather-related needs.
Seasonal variations and exceptional climate events can cause electricity demand to fluctuate, in effect influencing the price of electricity on the market.
The difference between baseload and peakload is how electricity is purchased on the wholesale market. Baseload represents constant power and is suitable for stable consumption profiles, while peakload is intended for peak periods, usually during the day.
To go further, do not hesitate to consult our article to understand the differences between spot price and forward price.

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Non. L'IA traite la donnée (data processing), mais l'analyste apporte la compréhension du contexte (market sentiment) et la prise de décision stratégique.
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C'est l'indicateur d'efficacité d'un appareil électrique ; il représente le ratio entre la puissance active (utile) et la puissance apparente (totale).
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Ce record de 92,3 TWh s'explique par la conjonction de trois facteurs :
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Tertiary companies must manage their energy costs while guaranteeing the comfort of users (offices, shops, services). Consumption is often linked to heating, air conditioning and lighting, which requires precise monitoring to avoid budgetary excesses.
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Le prix Forward est fixé à l'avance (sécurité budgétaire), tandis que le prix Spot varie heure par heure selon le marché (opportunité mais risque élevé).
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La Vente de Nucléaire Universelle (VNU) est le nouveau mécanisme de régulation des prix de l'électricité en France. Contrairement à l'ARENH, il ne s'agit plus d'un volume fixe à prix réduit, mais d'une redistribution financière des revenus excédentaires d'EDF aux consommateurs, basée sur les prix de marché et les coûts de production du nucléaire historique.
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The subscribed power must be calculated according to the consumption profile and uses (heating, industrial processes, tertiary equipment). One fine analysis makes it possible to ensure the adequacy between real need and contract.
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Exceeding capacity leads to financial penalties and can impact the size of the contract. Adjust the correctly subscribed power makes it possible to avoid these additional costs.
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Car les marchés dépendent de facteurs exogènes imprévisibles (géopolitique, météo soudaine, politique) que les modèles basés sur l'historique ne peuvent pas anticiper, tout comme on ne prédit pas le Loto.
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L'abondance de production française tire les prix du marché de gros vers le bas.
En vertu du mécanisme de l'Ordre de Mérite (Merit Order), les centrales les moins coûteuses (nucléaire, renouvelables) couvrent la demande plus souvent, évinçant les centrales à gaz ou charbon plus onéreuses.
Cela multiplie les épisodes de prix bas, voire négatifs, sur le marché spot.
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Absolument. La réforme des heures creuses vise à absorber la surproduction solaire en milieu de journée. Les créneaux d'heures creuses se déplacent progressivement vers la plage 11h00 – 17h00, notamment en été. C'est une opportunité majeure pour les sites industriels ou tertiaires capables de flexibilité.
Conseil stratégique :
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C'est le levier le plus rapide pour obtenir des résultats visibles. L'éclairage représente environ 40 % de la consommation d'électricité d'une commune.
Passer au LED avec pilotage intelligent permet de réduire la facture de 50 à 80 %, avec un retour sur investissement (ROI) rapide, souvent estimé à 2 ou 3 ans.
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Among the taxes include TICFE, TICGN, CTA, CJA and TURPE. They represent a significant part of the bill and vary according to consumption profiles. Understanding them well is essential to optimize costs.
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La fin de l'ARENH (Accès Régulé à l'Électricité Nucléaire Historique) marque l'arrêt de la fourniture d'électricité à prix fixe garanti (42 €/MWh).
Dès le 1er janvier 2026, les entreprises sont exposées aux prix de marché, mais deux nouveaux mécanismes de régulation prennent le relais, bien que leur logique soit différente :
Conseil stratégique : Ne comptez pas sur le VNU pour réduire votre facture en 2026 si les marchés restent stables. Auditez vos contrats dès maintenant pour intégrer une part de prix fixe ou explorer des "Power Purchase Agreements" (PPA) pour sécuriser vos coûts sur le long terme.
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Le kVA mesure la capacité maximale que votre compteur peut supporter à un instant T, tandis que le kWh mesure la quantité d'énergie consommée sur une durée.
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Some businesses may obtain a partial or total exemption from the TICFE or the TICGN, depending on their activity and energy intensity. The support of an expert makes it possible to identify the eligibility criteria and to put together the file.
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L'impact dépendra des prix de marché. Le mécanisme prévoit une redistribution si les prix dépassent 78 €/MWh. Cependant, si les cours restent bas (actuellement autour de 60 €/MWh), le dispositif ne s'activera pas. La facture sera alors indexée à 100% sur les prix de marché, rendant le choix du fournisseur et du moment d'achat critiques.
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Parce que la puissance souscrite en kVA détermine le prix de l'abonnement et que tout dépassement peut entraîner des surcoûts importants.
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This makes it possible to choose the right time to contract, secure your budgets and anticipate increases.
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Le transport (RTE) correspond aux "autoroutes" de l’électricité. Il s’agit de transporter de très grandes quantités d'énergie sur de longues distances, depuis les centrales de production (nucléaires, barrages, parcs éoliens offshore) vers les régions de consommation.
La distribution (Enedis) s'apparente aux "routes départementales" et aux rues. Elle récupère l'électricité à la sortie du réseau de transport pour la livrer directement chez le client final, en abaissant la tension pour qu'elle soit utilisable par vos appareils.
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Un appel d’offres permet de mettre en concurrence plusieurs fournisseurs d’électricité et de gaz afin d’obtenir des conditions contractuelles optimisées. C’est une démarche transparente qui permet de choisir l’offre la plus adaptée aux besoins budgétaires et techniques de l’organisation.
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La Multiannual Energy Programming (PPE) is the strategic management tool for France's energy policy. Established by the 2015 law on energy transition for green growth (LTECV), it serves as a compass for the State, communities and businesses.
Concretely, the PPE sets the priorities for action of the public authorities for the management of all forms of energy on the national territory. It covers a period of ten years, divided into two periods of five years, and must be revised periodically to adapt to technological and economic developments.
It deals with major topics such as:
It is crucial not to confuse it with National Low Carbon Strategy (SNBC). While SNBC sets carbon budgets (the ceilings for greenhouse gas emissions by sector), the PPE determines the technical and energy resources to achieve them.
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En 2025, la France a atteint un solde exportateur net de 92,3 TWh, battant le précédent record de 2024 (89 TWh).
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The range E @sy is available in four pricing structures to adapt to each risk profile:
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The industry is concerned by TICFE, TICGN and other contributions that may represent an important part of invoices. Sirenergies identifies cases of exemption and accompanies the procedures to benefit from them.
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Le processus repose sur l'utilisation de la force de l'eau (énergie cinétique) issue des courants, des chutes d'eau ou des dénivelés. Le fonctionnement suit trois étapes clés :
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Instauré en 2017, ce dispositif répond à un enjeu de sécurité nationale.
L'électricité ne se stockant pas à grande échelle, le réseau doit être capable de répondre instantanément à la demande, même lors des pics de froid hivernaux. Le mécanisme incite financièrement les producteurs à maintenir leurs centrales disponibles et les entreprises à réduire leur consommation (effacement) lors de ces périodes critiques.
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Tertiary companies are concerned by taxes such as TICFE or TICGN. Sirenergies checks the accuracy of invoices, identifies possible exemptions, and helps correct errors to sustainably reduce costs.
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Sourcing consists in identifying and analysing the offers of several electricity and gas suppliers. This approach makes it possible to obtain contracts adapted to the consumption profile and budgetary constraints of the company.
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Farms are subject to taxes such as TICFE or TICGN. Sirenergies verifies their application, identifies cases of exemption and accompanies the procedures to reduce the tax burden.
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Communities are subject to taxes such as TICFE or TICGN. Sirenergies analyzes invoices, identifies exemption possibilities and fixes possible errors to reduce the tax burden.
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The central objective of PPE 3 is to engage France towards carbon neutrality by 2050 by breaking the country's historical dependence on fossil fuels.
Today, approximately 60% of final energy consumption in France still relies on imported oil and natural gas. PPE 3 aims to radically reverse this trend by setting an ambitious target: to reach 60% of carbon-free energies in final consumption by 2030.
To achieve this, PPE 3 pursues three major sub-objectives:
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The €/MWh is a price unit used in wholesale markets, while kWh is the unit visible on your bills.
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Yes. The supplier guarantees an offer 100% renewable via the official Guarantees of Origin (GO) mechanism.
For the most demanding companies, the offer GREENVOLT+ ensures very low carbon intensity electricity, sourced exclusively from independent French producers (hydraulic, wind, solar).
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These are signals sent by RTE during periods of tension on the electrical network. The Sirenergies tool informs you in real time to anticipate your uses.
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One invoice consists of several elements: consumption, supplier share, taxes and contributions. The analysis of each line makes it possible to identify possible errors and to check the consistency with the signed contract.
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Oui, elle est considérée comme une énergie renouvelable à faibles émissions de gaz à effet de serre.
De plus, l'eau ne subit aucune transformation chimique durant le cycle de production et réintègre son milieu naturel en aval.
Cependant, la construction de barrages nécessite des mesures pour protéger les écosystèmes (débit minimum, passes à poissons).
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Le dispositif ARENH a laissé place au VNU (Versement Nucléaire Universel).
Ce changement structurel expose davantage les entreprises aux prix de gros, rendant la gestion des risques plus complexe qu'auparavant.
Il devient alors indispensable de définir une stratégie d'achat d'électricité avec Sirenergies pour lisser l'impact de la volatilité des marchés sur votre budget.
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Ce seuil est jugé élevé par rapport aux prévisions actuelles du marché. Si le prix de l'électricité reste en dessous de 78 €/MWh, les entreprises ne bénéficieront d'aucune redistribution. Cela signifie que la protection promise par la réforme pourrait être inexistante dans un marché baissier, d'où l'importance de stratégies de sourcing agiles et d'outils de monitoring comme Pilott.
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In 2025, the supplier had a NPS (Net Promoter Score) of +16 and a note of 4,17/5.
Satisfaction is based on a “zero solicitation” model and 100% in-house customer service in Toulon, guaranteeing proximity and responsiveness that cannot be found with major historical suppliers.
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Chaque modèle d'IA répond à un besoin spécifique du cycle d'achat :
L'expertise humaine reste néanmoins indispensable.

