
February 19, 2026
6
Min reading

After a surge in 2021 and 2022, electricity prices have been lull since 2023. Price curves are more stable, marked by upward and downward spikes. But what price are we talking about? Electricity markets are complex and multiple. Between forward prices and spot prices, how can you optimize your company's purchasing strategy and secure your energy budget? Discover the mechanisms and differences between electricity markets to better control your financial risks.
Electricity is an energy that cannot be stored on a large scale. To cover consumers' needs, energy suppliers buy electricity from producers on the wholesale market. The latter ensures the balance between supply and demand. Transactions are carried out within a country or with interconnected countries, either via a European electricity exchange (including EPEX SPOT), or via over-the-counter (OTC) transactions.
Several energy markets coexist. They are distinguished by the time of purchase, delivery and consumption of electricity, and the associated risks.
The futures market refers to Long-term market in the world of electricity. It is a market on which MW of electrical power are exchanged for physical delivery delayed in time. It can indeed flow several weeks, months, or years between the date of conclusion of the contract and the delivery period.
Fixed in advance, The Forward Prize per MWh reflects future trends on the electricity market. Its calculation is based on the Predicted average of future Spot prices, by anticipating data such as demand, supply, weather or the cost of raw materials.
Precisely, a distinction is made between:
The electricity futures market offers various products such as:
The Spot market allows you to buy or sell MW of electricity The day before for the next day. We then talk about Day-Ahead or daily products.
It's the reference market for electricity prices. The Spot price per MWh is the price most often mentioned in the media to analyze the day-to-day state of energy markets and their evolution.
In Europe, the Spot price corresponds to daily product price on the EPEX SPOT exchange. It is determined every day between 12:30 p.m. and 13:00 p.m. based on supply and demand in real time, through an auction mechanism between countries. It compares the needs for electricity exchanges and the available interconnection capacities.
The Day-Ahead Market contributes tointegration of electricity production fromrenewables. The principle of Merit Order promotes their use by prioritizing the use of production methods with the lowest marginal cost (or the cost of producing an additional 1 MWh of electricity).
On the short-term market, energy suppliers can also buy electricity on the Intraday market, with an intraday expiry date.
This continuous market allows players to exchange volumes of electricity on the same day. In France, the purchase can be made up to 5 minutes before the delivery time. Hourly, half-hourly or hourly products contribute to the balance of electricity supply and demand in real time.
Energy producers interact on long-term markets to secure their sales and margins over a long time horizon. Suppliers, for their part, source their supplies from these markets in order to secure the supply of electricity and offer consumers stable prices.
In the context of contracts indexed to the Forward market, the price is negotiated on the date the contract is signed. The price per MWh is firm and steady throughout the duration of the contract (excluding the indexation of the rates provided for in the clauses).
Choosing a contract indexed to the Forward market is a long-term commitment. Fixed throughout the duration of the contract, the forward rate offers a long-term visibility and control on the company's energy budget.
In contrast, consumers pay a price per MWh often higher, including the supplier's share of risk related to the unpredictability of the future. They are also not benefiting from price cuts in the electricity markets.
The support of an expert helps to Buy electricity at the right time, when the Forward Prize is the most attractive.
Many suppliers offer electricity supply offers indexed to the Spot market. The price per MWh varies every day. Anticipating the electricity bill is difficult, especially since The short-term Spot price is particularly volatile. Reflecting supply and demand in real time, it reacts immediately to the slightest shock (climate event, failure of a power plant, geopolitical crisis, etc.)
Concluding a contract indexed to the Spot market is a wager for businesses. Because of its flexibility, this purchasing strategy can be very profitable when the price of electricity is low. On the other hand, a sudden rise in prices weighs heavily on the energy budget.
Businesses rarely use the Spot Market to cover all of their electricity needs. This market is often used to readjust long-term purchase contracts, by revising consumption forecasts up or down, and by buying or selling volumes of electricity. In particular, the intra-daily market makes it possible to react quickly to a unexpected peak in electricity consumption.
Contracts that include a portion of the volumes indexed to the Spot market are not fundamentally at risk. It all depends on the state of the market. However, the complexity of these contracts justifies the support of an expert.
The choice between Spot and Forward prices depends on the state of the energy markets at the moment and on the company's risk strategy.
It is generally impossible to perfectly cover a company's electricity consumption only with forward (long term) or spot (short term) products. Many professionals opt for mixed offers. Elles secure a major part of the volume on long-term markets and adjust their purchases on the markets Spot for cash. The share of Forward prices and Spot prices in the contract depends on the company's risk strategy and its budgetary capacity.
With this strategy, the consumer obtains a final price that better reflects the variations in the electricity markets.
At Sirenergies, transparency is not an empty word. Our energy consulting and sourcing firm supports companies to optimize energy consumption and electricity and gas purchases.
With the Sirenergies app, you can access Spot and Forward market prices in real time and free of charge, updated daily. Thanks to a dynamic and proactive management data and prices, you optimize your energy purchasing strategy, your electricity contract and your budget.
The choice between Spot price and Forward price depends on the company's purchasing strategy and its appetite for risk. Many businesses are opting for a hybrid offer for their electricity supply. They combine the security of Forward prices over the long term with the responsiveness of Spot prices in the short term.
While the future of energy markets promises to be ever more complex, it is also more promising for businesses and consumers who will be able to anticipate changes thanks to dynamic and proactive management of prices and their consumption of electricity and gas.

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L'impact dépendra des prix de marché. Le mécanisme prévoit une redistribution si les prix dépassent 78 €/MWh. Cependant, si les cours restent bas (actuellement autour de 60 €/MWh), le dispositif ne s'activera pas. La facture sera alors indexée à 100% sur les prix de marché, rendant le choix du fournisseur et du moment d'achat critiques.
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One invoice consists of several elements: consumption, supplier share, taxes and contributions. The analysis of each line makes it possible to identify possible errors and to check the consistency with the signed contract.
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La fin de l'ARENH (Accès Régulé à l'Électricité Nucléaire Historique) marque l'arrêt de la fourniture d'électricité à prix fixe garanti (42 €/MWh).
Dès le 1er janvier 2026, les entreprises sont exposées aux prix de marché, mais deux nouveaux mécanismes de régulation prennent le relais, bien que leur logique soit différente :
Conseil stratégique : Ne comptez pas sur le VNU pour réduire votre facture en 2026 si les marchés restent stables. Auditez vos contrats dès maintenant pour intégrer une part de prix fixe ou explorer des "Power Purchase Agreements" (PPA) pour sécuriser vos coûts sur le long terme.
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Tertiary companies are concerned by taxes such as TICFE or TICGN. Sirenergies checks the accuracy of invoices, identifies possible exemptions, and helps correct errors to sustainably reduce costs.
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Communities are subject to taxes such as TICFE or TICGN. Sirenergies analyzes invoices, identifies exemption possibilities and fixes possible errors to reduce the tax burden.
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Le transport (RTE) correspond aux "autoroutes" de l’électricité. Il s’agit de transporter de très grandes quantités d'énergie sur de longues distances, depuis les centrales de production (nucléaires, barrages, parcs éoliens offshore) vers les régions de consommation.
La distribution (Enedis) s'apparente aux "routes départementales" et aux rues. Elle récupère l'électricité à la sortie du réseau de transport pour la livrer directement chez le client final, en abaissant la tension pour qu'elle soit utilisable par vos appareils.
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This makes it possible to choose the right time to contract, secure your budgets and anticipate increases.
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Farms are subject to taxes such as TICFE or TICGN. Sirenergies verifies their application, identifies cases of exemption and accompanies the procedures to reduce the tax burden.
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Pas nécessairement sur votre facture finale. Si les prix de gros (le prix de l'énergie brute) ont baissé, les coûts d'acheminement (TURPE) et certaines taxes augmentent, compensant souvent la baisse de la part énergie.
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En 2026, les principaux leviers sont : la renégociation de votre contrat de fourniture au bon moment, l'optimisation de votre tarif d'acheminement (TURPE), la vérification de votre éligibilité aux taux réduits de taxes (Accise), et la réduction de votre consommation (efficacité énergétique, autoconsommation).
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Changing suppliers can allow you to benefit from more competitive prices, adapted services or better contractual conditions. Thanks to sourcing, change is happening without interruption of supply.
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Idéalement entre 6 et 12 mois avant l'échéance, de préférence au printemps ou au début de l'été lorsque la demande est plus faible.
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En analysant votre courbe de charge pour identifier la puissance réelle appelée, puis en demandant un ajustement à votre fournisseur ou via un expert en énergie.
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The €/MWh is a price unit used in wholesale markets, while kWh is the unit visible on your bills.
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Sourcing offers better visibility on the market and promotes the selection of competitive contracts. It helps to reduce the risks associated with price volatility and to optimize the energy budget.
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Ce seuil est jugé élevé par rapport aux prévisions actuelles du marché. Si le prix de l'électricité reste en dessous de 78 €/MWh, les entreprises ne bénéficieront d'aucune redistribution. Cela signifie que la protection promise par la réforme pourrait être inexistante dans un marché baissier, d'où l'importance de stratégies de sourcing agiles et d'outils de monitoring comme Pilott.
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Même le bâtiment le plus moderne et le mieux isolé perd son efficacité si ses usages sont inadaptés. La technologie et les normes ne suffisent pas : la transition énergétique est avant tout une transformation humaine.
Derrière chaque kilowattheure consommé se cache une habitude.
Un collaborateur sensibilisé comprend qu'ouvrir une fenêtre alors que le chauffage est allumé ou laisser un ordinateur en veille consomme de l'énergie inutilement. En replaçant l'humain au centre de la stratégie de gestion de l'énergie, l'entreprise s'assure que ses équipements performants sont utilisés de manière optimale, garantissant ainsi une rentabilité durable et un impact environnemental réduit.
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Tertiary companies must manage their energy costs while guaranteeing the comfort of users (offices, shops, services). Consumption is often linked to heating, air conditioning and lighting, which requires precise monitoring to avoid budgetary excesses.
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L'ARENH est remplacé par le VNU (Versement Nucléaire Universel), un mécanisme de redistribution des revenus excédentaires d'EDF en cas de prix très élevés, et par les CAPN, des contrats long terme pour les gros industriels.
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Les profits include a direct reduction in bills, strengthened budgetary forecasting and better control of consumption. Businesses gain visibility and efficiency thanks to adapted tools.
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Non. L'IA traite la donnée (data processing), mais l'analyste apporte la compréhension du contexte (market sentiment) et la prise de décision stratégique.
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Parce que la puissance souscrite en kVA détermine le prix de l'abonnement et que tout dépassement peut entraîner des surcoûts importants.
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Sourcing consists in identifying and analysing the offers of several electricity and gas suppliers. This approach makes it possible to obtain contracts adapted to the consumption profile and budgetary constraints of the company.
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Le processus repose sur l'utilisation de la force de l'eau (énergie cinétique) issue des courants, des chutes d'eau ou des dénivelés. Le fonctionnement suit trois étapes clés :
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La Vente de Nucléaire Universelle (VNU) est le nouveau mécanisme de régulation des prix de l'électricité en France. Contrairement à l'ARENH, il ne s'agit plus d'un volume fixe à prix réduit, mais d'une redistribution financière des revenus excédentaires d'EDF aux consommateurs, basée sur les prix de marché et les coûts de production du nucléaire historique.
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L'abondance de production française tire les prix du marché de gros vers le bas.
En vertu du mécanisme de l'Ordre de Mérite (Merit Order), les centrales les moins coûteuses (nucléaire, renouvelables) couvrent la demande plus souvent, évinçant les centrales à gaz ou charbon plus onéreuses.
Cela multiplie les épisodes de prix bas, voire négatifs, sur le marché spot.
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All businesses, from SMEs to large organizations, can benefit from this service. Les local authorities also find it a lever to better control their budgets.
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Exceeding capacity leads to financial penalties and can impact the size of the contract. Adjust the correctly subscribed power makes it possible to avoid these additional costs.
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Industrial companies consume large volumes of energy for their production processes. They have to deal with the volatility of prizes, multi-site management and specific taxes. Controlling costs is essential to remain competitive.
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Ce record de 92,3 TWh s'explique par la conjonction de trois facteurs :
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Chaque modèle d'IA répond à un besoin spécifique du cycle d'achat :
L'expertise humaine reste néanmoins indispensable.
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Some businesses may obtain a partial or total exemption from the TICFE or the TICGN, depending on their activity and energy intensity. The support of an expert makes it possible to identify the eligibility criteria and to put together the file.
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The subscribed power must be calculated according to the consumption profile and uses (heating, industrial processes, tertiary equipment). One fine analysis makes it possible to ensure the adequacy between real need and contract.
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C'est l'indicateur d'efficacité d'un appareil électrique ; il représente le ratio entre la puissance active (utile) et la puissance apparente (totale).
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Absolument. La réforme des heures creuses vise à absorber la surproduction solaire en milieu de journée. Les créneaux d'heures creuses se déplacent progressivement vers la plage 11h00 – 17h00, notamment en été. C'est une opportunité majeure pour les sites industriels ou tertiaires capables de flexibilité.
Conseil stratégique :
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Oui, elle est considérée comme une énergie renouvelable à faibles émissions de gaz à effet de serre.
De plus, l'eau ne subit aucune transformation chimique durant le cycle de production et réintègre son milieu naturel en aval.
Cependant, la construction de barrages nécessite des mesures pour protéger les écosystèmes (débit minimum, passes à poissons).
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Car les marchés dépendent de facteurs exogènes imprévisibles (géopolitique, météo soudaine, politique) que les modèles basés sur l'historique ne peuvent pas anticiper, tout comme on ne prédit pas le Loto.
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These are signals sent by RTE during periods of tension on the electrical network. The Sirenergies tool informs you in real time to anticipate your uses.
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The industry is concerned by TICFE, TICGN and other contributions that may represent an important part of invoices. Sirenergies identifies cases of exemption and accompanies the procedures to benefit from them.
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La réussite d'un projet collectif énergie repose sur trois piliers fondamentaux :
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Le kVA mesure la capacité maximale que votre compteur peut supporter à un instant T, tandis que le kWh mesure la quantité d'énergie consommée sur une durée.
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Un appel d’offres permet de mettre en concurrence plusieurs fournisseurs d’électricité et de gaz afin d’obtenir des conditions contractuelles optimisées. C’est une démarche transparente qui permet de choisir l’offre la plus adaptée aux besoins budgétaires et techniques de l’organisation.
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Among the taxes include TICFE, TICGN, CTA, CJA and TURPE. They represent a significant part of the bill and vary according to consumption profiles. Understanding them well is essential to optimize costs.
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Le prix Forward est fixé à l'avance (sécurité budgétaire), tandis que le prix Spot varie heure par heure selon le marché (opportunité mais risque élevé).
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En 2025, la France a atteint un solde exportateur net de 92,3 TWh, battant le précédent record de 2024 (89 TWh).
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Farms must deal with high seasonal needs (greenhouse heating, irrigation, storage) and high volatility of prizes. Controlling these costs is essential to maintain profitability and secure the business.


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Articles analyze the price trends gas, electricity and carbon certificates. They explain market mechanisms and their impact on budgets.
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This makes it possible to choose the right time to contract, secure your budgets and anticipate increases.
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Le prix Forward est fixé à l'avance (sécurité budgétaire), tandis que le prix Spot varie heure par heure selon le marché (opportunité mais risque élevé).